2020年考研英語(yǔ)二真題及答案解析(完整版)。2020全國(guó)碩士研究生統(tǒng)一招生考試英語(yǔ)(二)完形填空/閱讀理解/翻譯/作文真題及答案。2019年全國(guó)碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)(二)真題試題答案解析。
2020年考研英語(yǔ)(二)真題及答案:完形填空
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
Being a good parent is, of course, what every parent would like to be. But defining what it means to be a good parent is undoubtedly very __1__, particularly since children respond differently to the same style of parenting. A calm, rule-following child might respond better to a different sort of parenting than, __2__, a younger sibling.
__3__, there’s another sort of parent that’s a bit easier to __4__: a patient parent. Children of every age benefit from patient parenting. Still, __5__ every parent would like to be patient, this is no easy __6__. Sometimes parents get exhausted and frustrated and are unable to maintain a __7__ and composed style with their kids. I understand this.
You’re only human, and sometimes your kids can __8__ you just a little too far. And then the __9__ happens: You lose your patience and either scream at your kids or say something that was a bit too __10__ and does nobody any good. You wish that you could __11__ the clock and start over. We’ve all been there.
__12__, even though it’s common, it’s important to keep in mind that in a single moment of fatigue, you can say something to your child that you may __13__ for a long time. This may not only do damage to your relationship with your child but also __14__ your child’s self-esteem.
If you consistently lose your __15__ with your kids, then you are inadvertently modeling a lack of emotional control for your kids. We are all becoming increasingly aware of the __16__ of modeling tolerance and patience for the younger generation. This is a skill that will help them all throughout life. In fact, the ability to emotionally regulate or maintain emotional control when __17__ by stress is one of the most important of all life’s skills.
Certainly, it’s incredibly __18__ to maintain patience at all times with your children. A more practical goal is to try, to the best of your ability, to be as tolerant and composed as you can when faced with __19__ situations involving your children. I can promise you this: As a result of working toward this goal, you and your children will benefit and __20__ from stressful moments feeling better physically and emotionally.
1. A tedious B pleasant C instructive D tricky
2. A in addition B for example C at once D by accident
3. A fortunately B occasionally C accordingly D eventually
4. A amuse B assist C describe D train
5. A while B because C unless D once
6. A answer B task C choice D access
7. A tolerant B formal C rigid D critical
8. A move B drag C push D send
9. A mysterious B illogical C suspicious D inevitable
10. A boring B naive C harsh D vague
11. A turn back B take apart C set aside D cover up
12. A overall B instead C however D otherwise
13. A like B miss C believe D regret
14. A raise B affect C justify D reflect
15. A time B bond C race D cool
16. A nature B secret C importance D context
17. A cheated B defeated C confused D confronted
18. A terrible B hard C strange D wrong
19. A trying B changing C exciting D surprising
20. A hide B emerge C withdraw D escape
今年完形填空的難度系數(shù)很小,基本無(wú)生詞,長(zhǎng)難句也很少。講的是家長(zhǎng)對(duì)孩子要有耐心,屬于比較生活的話題。下面我們一起來(lái)看一下答案及解析。
1.【答案】D tricky
【解析】此處考察詞義辨析+上下文語(yǔ)境。文章首段首句為主題句:每位父母都想成為好的父母??崭窬溟_(kāi)頭為but,句意上出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)折,“但是如何定義好的父母是個(gè)難題”,since后給出了原因,“因?yàn)椴煌暮⒆訉?duì)待同樣的養(yǎng)育方式反應(yīng)也是不同的”。tricky意為“棘手的,困難的”,符合句意。
2.【答案】B for example
【解析】此處考察上下文邏輯關(guān)系。前面說(shuō)了不同的孩子對(duì)待同樣的養(yǎng)育方式反應(yīng)也是不同的,此句為例證,如果換一種養(yǎng)育方式,一個(gè)冷靜而聽(tīng)話的孩子可能會(huì)比他的弟弟或妹妹反應(yīng)更好些。所以用表示舉例分析的for example最合適,其他選項(xiàng)另外、偶爾、意外地都不合適。
3.【答案】A Fortunately
【解析】此處考察副詞詞義辨析+上下文語(yǔ)境??崭袼诰渲赋觯哼€有一類父母描述起來(lái)會(huì)容易一些,這類就是非常耐心的父母。第一段告訴我們?nèi)绾味x怎樣才是好的父母是個(gè)難題,這里在上下文文義上是個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折,幸運(yùn)地是/還好,有一類父母比較容易定義,并且各個(gè)年齡段的孩子都可以從他們的養(yǎng)育方式中獲益。故選Fortunately,其他選項(xiàng)偶爾,對(duì)應(yīng)地,最終地都不合適。
4.【答案】C describe
【解析】 此處考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析+上下文語(yǔ)境。第一段告訴我們?nèi)绾味x怎樣才是好的父母是個(gè)難題,第二段出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折說(shuō)但是有一類父母很好描述/定義,describe與define相呼應(yīng),故選C符合句意。
5.【答案】A while
【解析】此處考察上下文邏輯關(guān)系??崭袼诰渲赋觯弘m然每位父母都想成為耐心的父母,但這并不容易。逗號(hào)前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中while表轉(zhuǎn)折,選A符合句意。
6.【答案】B task
【解析】此處考察名詞詞義辨析。雖然每位父母都想成為耐心的父母,但這不是個(gè)容易的差事/任務(wù)。task意為任務(wù),其余選項(xiàng)答案,選擇,途徑/權(quán)限都不合適,故選B符合句意。
7.【答案】A tolerant
【解析】此處考察形容詞詞義辨析。空格所在句指出有時(shí)父母會(huì)很累很沮喪,這時(shí)候?qū)Υ⒆泳秃茈y沉著冷靜(composed)和包容。tolerant意為包容的,故選A符合句意。
8.【答案】C push
【解析】此處考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析+上下文語(yǔ)境。你也不是圣人/你也只是普通人,而且有時(shí)候孩子會(huì)把你逼的很緊。push為催促/緊逼,此處move(移動(dòng),使感動(dòng)),drag(拖拽),send(發(fā)送)均不符合句意,故選C。
9.【答案】D inevitable
【解析】此處考察形容詞詞意辨析+上下文語(yǔ)境??崭袂耙痪渲赋觯河袝r(shí)候孩子會(huì)把你逼的很緊??崭窈笠痪渲赋瞿銜?huì)失去耐心,對(duì)孩子大吼大叫。那么這是孩子把你逼的很緊的必然結(jié)果,inevitable 為無(wú)法避免的/必然的,故選D符合句意。
10.【答案】C harsh
【解析】此處考察詞義辨析+上下文語(yǔ)境??崭窬渚湟猓耗銜?huì)失去耐心并對(duì)孩子大吼大叫,而且有時(shí)候會(huì)說(shuō)一些很傷人/刻薄的話,對(duì)每個(gè)人都沒(méi)好處。根據(jù)上下文,something 后面的形容詞一定是貶義的,harsh為刺耳的/嚴(yán)格的,故選C。
11.【答案】A turn back
【解析】此處考察動(dòng)詞搭配+上下文語(yǔ)境??崭窬渚湟猓耗銜?huì)希望時(shí)間倒流,一切重新再來(lái)。turn back為(使)往回走,take apart 為拆開(kāi)/拆解,set aside為把....放一旁/不理會(huì),cover up為蓋起來(lái),均不符合句意,故選A。
12.【答案】C however
【解析】此處考察上下文邏輯關(guān)系??崭窬渲赋觯喝欢?,即使是這是很普遍的現(xiàn)象,我們還是要牢記,哪怕只是一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的疲憊,都會(huì)讓你對(duì)孩子說(shuō)一些你會(huì)后悔很久的話。上一段描述了一般情況下父母是如何對(duì)孩子失去耐心,并且這很普遍(We've all been there/it's common),空格句對(duì)比上一段發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)折,故選C。
13.【答案】D regret
【解析】此處考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析+上下文語(yǔ)境。上一段描述了父母如何對(duì)孩子失去耐心,然后又希望時(shí)間倒流一切重新再來(lái),那么疲憊時(shí)對(duì)孩子說(shuō)的話一定是會(huì)讓你后悔(regret)的,其他選項(xiàng)喜歡,錯(cuò)過(guò),相信均不符合上下文,故選D。
14.【答案】B affect
【解析】考察動(dòng)賓搭配。結(jié)合原文語(yǔ)境,“這也許不僅會(huì)傷害你和孩子之間的關(guān)系,而且會(huì)...你的孩子的自尊”所以這里填上一個(gè)動(dòng)詞接后面的賓語(yǔ)自尊心,所以答案只能是affect,“影響自尊心”。而raise提高,養(yǎng)育;justify證明合理性;reflect影響,均不能合理搭配。
15.【答案】D cool
【解析】本題考察動(dòng)賓搭配,也是主題復(fù)現(xiàn),cool有“冷靜之意。“如果你總是對(duì)你的孩子失去...,”本文一直在探討的主題就是對(duì)孩子要有耐心,因此符合題意的只能是cool, 而time時(shí)間,bond結(jié)合,紐帶,race比賽,種族都不符合這里的語(yǔ)境。
16.【答案】C importance
【解析】本題考察名詞的修飾關(guān)系,A of B的結(jié)構(gòu)中填名詞A,主要參照后面of結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)它的修飾作用。Of結(jié)構(gòu)在這里表示“建立對(duì)孩子寬容和耐心的...”聯(lián)系前面說(shuō)”我們?cè)絹?lái)越重視...”因此符合題意的應(yīng)該是importance“重要性”nature,自然、天性;secret秘密,context環(huán)境。
17.【答案】D confronted
【解析】本題考查動(dòng)賓搭配,根據(jù)本題語(yǔ)境,“事實(shí)上,在....壓力時(shí)情緒調(diào)節(jié)或維持情緒控制的能力是所有生活技能中最重要的一項(xiàng)”,壓力前面應(yīng)該搭配“面對(duì)”故選擇confronted其他的cheated欺騙,defeated打敗,confused困惑均不符合。
18.【答案】B hard
【解析】此處考察表語(yǔ)形容詞。主要參照跟前面的incredible加起來(lái)表示“不可避免的...一直對(duì)孩子保持耐心”可以先看選項(xiàng)terrible糟糕的,strange奇怪的,wrong錯(cuò)誤的,這三個(gè)都不能放在此處形成合理搭配,所以hard更合適。
19.【答案】A trying
【解析】本題考察修飾關(guān)系。根據(jù)原文語(yǔ)境“一個(gè)更實(shí)際的目標(biāo)是去嘗試,盡你最大的能力,當(dāng)你面對(duì)涉及孩子的...情況時(shí),盡可能地寬容和冷靜” 需要父母寬容和冷靜的應(yīng)該是不太好的情況,答案trying做形容詞表示“令人厭煩的”最合適。changing變化,exciting激動(dòng)人心的surprising令人驚訝的,均不能體現(xiàn)這里的含義。
20.【答案】B emerge
【解析】考察動(dòng)賓搭配,這里的句義是“朝著這個(gè)目標(biāo)努力的結(jié)果是,你和你的孩子將受益并從很有壓力的這些時(shí)候...,在身體和情感上感覺(jué)更好”。只有“浮現(xiàn),出現(xiàn)”最符合,所以選擇emerge, 而hide隱藏,withdraw撤退,escape逃避均為負(fù)面含義,故不符合。
責(zé)任編輯:楊林宇
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